语言、思维

语言是人的思维的外现、载体。语言反映了一个人的理解与思考。这里的语言专指遣词用字。这几年,可能是读书的后遗症,我对于个人的遣词用字,尤其是在其他华文老师面前,更是非常谨慎。不仅如此,只要有机会,我也会尝试唤起其他华文老师对他们个人的遣词用字的意识。

过去三天一共开了四门课(三门玩转科技、一门Clinic)。昨天的Clinic来了四位有缘人(少了一位临时被校方指派带学生出国)。课上当然少不了上述的动作。从几位新朋友的反馈中,看得出他们对于科技在华文教学中的定位开始有了新的思考,即由ICT是辅助教学,过渡到ICT是促成教学的那么一个定位。

“辅助”在我们一般非学术性的理解,即可有可无(cf. 辅助读本、读物、刊物)。
“促成”即若不存在了,则无戏可唱也。当然,ICT的定位若是促成教学,则必得从ICT的affordance出发作思考。

今天打开早报网,就看到了《为激发学生对华文兴趣费尽心思 ,十一教师获颁全国模范华文教师奖》。非常恭喜这11位教师,以及许多没有获奖的教师朋友们辛苦了。

zaobao.com report

(acknowledgement: SPH/zaobao.com)

当然,熟悉我的朋友都知道我看了这一组标题会有什么”反应”。

这一组标题中有一个令我非常反应大的词,即“兴趣”。而且还出现了7次。“反应”之大大至我的论文研究所做就是拜其所赐(下载后看一看第5页的中文摘要)。

一个人学习的原因种种,“兴趣”只是百般原因之一。一个人之所以学(或不学),应该归咎于“动机 motivation”。学生学任何学科学得如何,是动机所致。简单地把学习和“兴趣”挂钩,第一、我会反问“没有兴趣就不能学了吗?”;第二、这或许无意识地泄漏了个人认知的有限。语言反映思维,如果认知中有上述的理解,为什么舍“动机”而用“兴趣”呢?第三、这反映了华文老师的不够专业。“兴趣”一词,大多数非教育工作者都说得出。“动机motivation”却是一个相对专业的名词。要提升华文老师的专业身份,反映我们对于教学的认识与思考,我们得在用语上求专业化。

语言反映思维,思维则影响教学设计。从专业的思考出发,一套引起“兴趣”的教学设计 vs. 一套引起“学习动机”的教学设计,你认为会有不同吗?为什么? (:

再说回上面ICT的话题,一个ICT作辅助的教学设计 vs. 一个ICT促成学习的教学设计,你认为会有不同吗?为什么? (:

the starfish story

the starfish story, aka Sara and the Starfish, was an adaptation of Loren Eiseley’s work. an adaptation via goodreads.com is as follows:

“Once upon a time, there was a wise man who used to go to the ocean to do his writing. He had a habit of walking on the beach before he began his work.

One day, as he was walking along the shore, he looked down the beach and saw a human figure moving like a dancer. He smiled to himself at the thought of someone who would dance to the day, and so, he walked faster to catch up.

As he got closer, he noticed that the figure was that of a young man, and that what he was doing was not dancing at all. The young man was reaching down to the shore, picking up small objects, and throwing them into the ocean.

He came closer still and called out “Good morning! May I ask what it is that you are doing?”

The young man paused, looked up, and replied “Throwing starfish into the ocean.”

“I must ask, then, why are you throwing starfish into the ocean?” asked the somewhat startled wise man.

To this, the young man replied, “The sun is up and the tide is going out. If I don’t throw them in, they’ll die.”

Upon hearing this, the wise man commented, “But, young man, do you not realize that there are miles and miles of beach and there are starfish all along every mile? You can’t possibly make a difference!”

At this, the young man bent down, picked up yet another starfish, and threw it into the ocean. As it met the water, he said,

“It made a difference for that one.”

160511-starfish_David Quitoriano
(photo credit: David Quitoriano)

cooperative resources preparation – afterthought

昨天的Studio课我们迎来了两位“插班生”——振南师&凤儿师。下午茶叙我们围坐时就聊到教师如果独自备课工作量太繁重的问题。因为华文老师一般得为许多进度作准备。凤儿师分享道小学老师有50-60个人在一起的一个组织,如何为小学每一课课文准备最基本的教案、ppt和相关资源。振南师则分享道某校部门主任如何组织老师在某学年集中火力准备某年级某进度的类似的教学资源的工作。

当时脑海浮现一些思绪但却说不到点上。今早再想了想,我想我当时的responses应如下:

1. Resources are important component for lessons – must have, and therefore must be prepared.
2. Cooperative resource preparation is good because it allows concerted effort for teachers to focus while divide-and-conquering (1).

联系我们茶叙前在聊的话题种种,我觉得关键是:

3. What is the purpose of the resources prepared/gathered? Are these for teachers’ lesson delivery (“”为出发点;灌输为主——非常有效率地教), or are these for students’ meaning-making (“”为出发点)?

这两个不同的出发点对所准备的resources作为“outcomes”会有哪些影响呢? 资源(例如文章、范文、videos)或许有共通的,但是如何使用会因目的不同而不同。换句话说,两者的教案就肯定不一样了。

另外,”resource preparation”一词很大成分意味着资源是出自教师。“资源”可否来自学生?为什么可以?为什么不可以?因为这样很没效率?因为学生找不到“对”的资源(cf. 教师准备的对错拿捏妥当)?

所以回过头来,我觉得还是离不开“学习”这根本问题s——What is learning? How does learning take place? 不同的技能、课题可能学习的方法不同。所以没有划一的答案。

但思考的出发点应该只有一个,
就是“” (cf. 教)。

triangular windows
(photo credit: Michael Coghlan)

time is like liquid in a bottle

time is like liquid in a bottle.
liquid is not too compressible (cf. air).
if a bottle is already filled with Coke to the brim, there’s no layman way to introduce (choose any favourite drink, e.g. Pepsi, 100-Plus, Kickapoo, 佳佳凉茶, whatever)

coke_full_bottle
(source/acknowledgement: thedieline.com)

to introduce (insert favourite drink) into the bottle, some Coke must give way.
to introduce new practice into any teaching and learning context, some old practice must give way.

time is like liquid.
time is incompressible, and limited.

ict lesson, a problematic conception

“ict lesson”, or “ICT教学”,这样的一个名词, such a conception, is problematic.

if we have “ICT教学”,与之相对的是什么?“非ICT教学”?

如果ICT的使用可以随时”开”或”关”, 这或许就是为什么学校里还存在one-off设计ICT活动的现象了。

“ICT教学”, and “ict lesson”这个名词应该去除。停止使用,不再使用

理由很简单,21世纪的生活已脱离不开科技。要预备学生在未来的生活中不断自主学习,运用ICT学习的习惯和技能必须养成(这其实连带学生“如何学”的问题 (cf.教师如何教))。习惯的养成不是一朝一夕的事;技能更是多样,更需要长时间指导磨练。

要达到培养学生习惯、磨练学生技能的学习目的,任何教学都要从TPACK角度去思考。那么学生的学习照顾到了,教师也从此不再陷入one-off、ICT可有可无的问题。

clock time photo

acknowledgement: Alexas Fotos